How to Use Your Smartwatch for Voting in Local Elections if applicable in your region

The Importance of Local Elections

As the media continues its seemingly endless stream of discussing the results of the 2020 Presidential Election, it is important more now than ever to remember that the ballot had more than one page for a reason. Beyond the Presidential Election, a ballot is not issued solely in election years and also contains elections about city-level issues, statewide concerns, and even other non-Presidential federal elections. There were several state-level measures that even made national headlines such as Alaskas and Massachusetts efforts to implement ranked-choice voting and Floridas Amendment 2 that would raise the minimum wage in the state. The jurisdictional differences between these levels of government matter and should influence how voters take the time to inform themselves. City and municipal governments are responsible for concerns, such as police department budgeting, education reform, lower-level courts, and local infrastructure. Although the federal government can attempt to address issues in these fields, much of its actions will lack oversight and come in the form of funding with no policy prescriptions.

A 2018 Johns Hopkins University study demonstrated that many Americans lack civic knowledge as it pertains to jurisdictional issues with about 25% of study participants not knowing whether federal or state governments were in charge of law enforcement and about 30% not knowing which government creates and enforces zoning laws. One of the studys researchers, John Hopkins University political science professor Benjamin Ginsberg, cited insufficient media coverage as a potential cause for this reported ignorance. Consequently, voters whose top priorities involve improving the communities around them should, in addition to learning more about federal elections, bolster their participation in local politics.

Unfortunately, in recent years, apathy has driven the discourse surrounding local elections. In the 2017 New York City mayoral election, only 21.7% of registered voters voted. This is a significant drop from the over 90% voter participation that the 1953 New York City mayoral election boasted. This trend is not unique to New York City but can be seen in many other major American cities, such as Philadelphia, Chicago, and Los Angeles. An academic study examined 340 mayoral elections across 144 populous U.S. cities found that a lack of campaign spending, low voter mobilization, and the consequent decrease in media coverage all contribute to the low turnout rates that have become a trend around the country. In fact, in Chicago, low mayoral turnout was attributed to voters who felt that they had been left behind by their local leaders. Democracy is at its best when the peoples voices are heard and status quo attitudes towards local elections reflect an area for improvement. People should pay more attention to local elections and take the time to learn about the stances of local candidates and propositions.

One particularly key issue that city elections can determine is the funding and maintenance of critical infrastructure. A 2012 report on infrastructure conducted by New York State Comptroller Thomas DiNapoli identifies roads, bridges, and water and sewer systems as infrastructure areas that local officials can improve. For citizens wishing to express their grievances with outdated infrastructure, the federal election may not be the correct outlet to do so. The main barriers to infrastructure updates that were outlined by DiNapoli were a lack of money and the infrequent rate at which infrastructure gets updated. The report concludes that these issues are not insurmountable, but, rather, can be resolved through strategic budget planning and a willingness to update infrastructure.

Electing candidates who embrace these two strategies can result in a significant improvement in the quality of life of those in a given local community. Local government officials can vastly improve living conditions via infrastructure updates. For example, In New Jersey, local officials issued a lawsuit against companies that contaminated drinking water. Campaign stances could be the earliest sign of a candidates willingness to take concrete action in cases such as the one in New Jersey. The maintenance of water system infrastructure could be the difference between residents having clean drinking water and those same residents facing a whole host of health issues from unsanitary tap water. For example, Flint, Michigan has lacked clean drinking water and increased attention towards local politics could be the beginning of ameliorating that situation. Local government officials in Flint have exacerbated this issue due to their refusal to renovate pipes that have contaminated the water sources. Therefore, any solution must involve innovation from local government officials since they have jurisdiction over the drinking water, and the potential for increased attention on local elections could spur candidates to propose new solutions.

The stakes of local elections might not be as widely reflected in the media as they are about the Presidential Election, but local elections have real consequences. Whether it is the guarantee of having healthy drinking water or the benefits of maintained streets and bridges, infrastructure is a concern that should remain on the forefront of voters minds as they consider the candidates of a city-level election.

Apathy and low turnout should not continue to define local elections. Although the media and general civics education play a large role in fueling this lack of democratic participation, the causes are not as important as the steps that individuals can take to have their voice heard. Individuals can research candidates and their stances on issues, and then proceed to vote based on the information that they have learned. There are ways to stay civically engaged in local politics even beyond voting. If someone feels particularly passionate about a candidate, they can even reach out and see if there are any volunteering opportunities available. Additionally, a person could start attending community meetings or begin to voice their opinions to their city council members.

There is no trade-off between learning about federal elections and local elections, and, as such, people should take the time to become informed about their local elections. Local elections have important consequences and voters should not dismiss them. The aforementioned issues only scratch the surface of what local governments can address and voters should do their part to ensure that these concerns can be resolved.

Image Credit: Melba City Hallby Fred Leaders is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.

How to use a wearable: tips to make the most of your smartwatch or fitness tracker

You got a new fitness tracker or smartwatch for Christmas. Great! Now what?

Whether youve got the latest Apple Watch Series 6, a Fitbit, an Oura ring or any other one of the best fitness trackers or best smartwatches, itll come with instructions online or within a physical booklet to help you get the device (and you) up and running.

Youll need to download the accompanying app, pair your device with your phone, charge it up and learn how to use the basic controls. Exactly how you do these things will vary from device to device and we recommend you follow the step-by-step instructions and do those first.

However, most instructions get you started. But what comes next? Beyond the set-up steps, there are plenty of other things you need to know to get the most out of your new wearable so it can make a positive difference to your life and work for you, not against you. You dont want it to be a negative drain, a waste of money or another present that gets stuffed in a drawer somewhere and forgotten about.

Our advice includes the importance of a comfy fit, habit-setting suggestions, why customization is worth it, tips about goals and much more.

Of course, every wearable device is different, as is every person who wears one. But these are our suggestions that should give most people a better chance of getting on well with their new wearable device.

1. Get the fit right

You just put it on and fasten it tightly, right? Sort of. Its very easy to strap any wearable on and start using it. But its important to be mindful about how it fits. Are the buckles digging in? Is the material irritating you a little? If it doesnt feel good now, you wont want to wear it in future.

You want a just right fit that isnt so tight it leaves marks on your wrist, but is tight enough for the sensors to work properly. For example, most wearable devices these days have a heart rate sensor built-in to the back. For this to measure bloodflow accurately, it needs to be close to your skin.

Play around with how tight you wear your new smartwatch or fitness tracker and, if you need to and its possible with your device, swap out the strap for one thats a better fit or made from a more comfortable material.

2. Change the app dashboard

The key thing to remember when you get a new wearable device is: make it work for you. What we mean is there are plenty of devices that can track and do all kinds of things. Some people might love this and want to find out everything there is to know about their sleep, fitness levels, stress levels and much more. Others might just want to count their steps and take a look at heart rate data occasionally. Just because your device can do anything doesnt mean you need to track or care about everything. This can lead to you becoming overwhelmed, focusing on numbers that dont really matter to you and just extra stress you dont need.

A good place to start in defining what matters to you and what doesnt is to customize the stats you see on your apps dashboard. Its not possible to do this for every wearable. But some, like Fitbit, allow you to edit which stats are shown as you open up the app (take a look at the screenshots above). For example, with the Fitbit app you can customize your dashboard so you see nothing about calories. This is really handy if you want to feel generally fitter and healthier but dont want to focus on weight loss which can be problematic for some people.

One workout we do a lot at the moment is spinning. However, for the longest time its been the last activity in the exercise menu on our Fitbit Versa. Sure, we can just scroll down to select it. But it would only take a minute or two to move it to the top spot by using the Fitbit app, making things feel easier and more intuitive. If you have a wearable that has a screen and allows you to customize or make small tweaks to what you see on it, spend some time ensuring its exactly what you need in the order you need it.

This might not seem like a big deal. Who cares if you have to scroll two more times to find the workout you need? But its these small bits of friction that can make using tech feel more like a chore than a helping hand especially if they all start to add up. So taking the time to change these settings now and make them more you will help in the long-run.

4. Pick the right charging spot

We've tried a lot of wearables over the years. Sometimes we've had to take them off to charge them and immediately put them on as soon as the battery reaches 100 per cent. Others get left for days because we just keep forgetting amidst all the other jobs we need to do. Where you charge your wearable really matters.

Under a desk where its out of sight, out of mind? No good. In the kitchen near the coffee machine so we see it every time we go to get another hit of caffeine? Perfect. This will be different for everyone, but again, the goal is to make using your new wearable device every day easy. Because the buzz of excitement you feel to wear it right now is unlikely to last.

5. Make putting it on a good habit

Picking the best charging place for your wearable device so you dont forget about it is part of a wider consideration about turning your wearable and wearing it, checking it and charging it into behavior that feels natural and habitual.

This is why we recommend borrowing some suggestions from habit-building theory to help. This doesnt have to be confusing or extensive. Instead, we can pick and choose what we incorporate.

Social scientist and researcher at Stanford University BJ Fogg is a big believer in the power of prompts. In his book, Tiny Habits, he explains that no behavior happens without a prompt. This is essentially something, anything, that tells you to do a thing now. He gives the example of a woman who would do the same morning routine, then write her priorities on a post-it note.

Prompts can be physical, like that example, maybe you could put a Post-it saying Fitbit next to your coffee machine or on your mirror? Or whats known as a context prompt, this is when youre prompted to do something because you associate it with something else in the example above, we had begun to associate making a coffee with strapping my tracker on.

Other prompts that Fogg recommends are: sending yourself a text message, writing on your bathroom mirror, setting an alarm with your voice assistant and sticking a reminder on your fridge. All of these could work well when it comes to prompting yourself to put on your new tracker.

The good news is, this simple prompt for one simple behavior can have a positive effect on other behaviors. Fogg writes: what had started with one Post-it turned into a productivity avalanche.

6. Connect with other apps and services

Most wearables can do a lot, but they cant tell you everything there is to know about your health and fitness. For example, many can track your activity and heart rate levels. But few have menstrual tracking features that are as good as apps like Clue and Glow. Whats more, some have nutritional tracking databases, but not many are as extensive as MyFitnessPal. That means you might want to sync up the apps you already use and love with your new wearable and its app. Simply put, youll want to get your apps to talk to each other so you can get more from each of them and find out more about yourself.

The way to do this is different for every wearable, but most have a section in the settings called apps or connections. Theres usually a list of supported apps here and you can select which one youd like to give permission to access your health and fitness data.

This is also a good way of revoking access to apps you dont want to access your health and fitness data. On that point, watch out for any apps trying to seek permission to access data that they just dont need. Always question whether an app really needs to know your step count or your location. If it's not obvious why a health app or taxi app, for example then don't allow it.

7. Find the notification settings that work for you

If you have a wearable with a screen then chances are you can have notifications from your phone also sent to your wrist. Some devices can only notify you of texts and calls. Others can send any app notification, including WhatsApp, email or Ring notifications, sent to the screen.

The question is: is this a good idea or a shortcut to panic? The answer is: it all depends on you. Personally, we like to have any notification that pops up on our phone screen to appear on the wearable too. Why this is good for us and our productivity is because of something called in-phone interruptions. This is the idea that if we look at our phones for one thing, theres a good chance well get distracted by something else. So the reason you looked in the first place takes much longer and can often be forgotten completely!

But just because this works for me doesnt mean its right for you. We know some people find sending all of their notifications to their wrists really panic-inducing and would instead like to keep it as a message-free space. Settings to turn them on, off or customize them are within your wearables app and tend to be easy to toggle on and off, so we'd suggest trialing them to see what you think.

8. Set your goals

If you have a fitness tracker because theres something specific you want to do and it'll help you, which most of the time there is, take advantage of the trackers goal-setting feature. This could be setting a step goal for the day or, if youre training for something and have a device built for fitness, particular distance or time goals. If you want to increase your fitness generally, you might want to set a goal of just five days of exercise a week, regardless of what it is.

We like to use wearables even when we dont have a super specific goal in mind, but therell always be something we're interested in hitting eight hours sleep, 8,000 steps, something like that. The key for us over the years has been to focus on one thing at a time. Our wearable tech can track a lot of things, but it can perform better when weve got one clear goal at once.

This is also the basic premise of Greg McKeowns book Essentialism. The idea is that, to achieve more, we should pursue less stuff and do it better. Theres a lot more to McKeowns essentialist view of life, but a few key things for us to remember when it comes to fitness trackers is: choose what to pay attention to (dont feel like you have to do everything), remove obstacles to make your goals easier and experience joy in the journey of getting things done.

This sounds good in theory, but what does it look like in practice? To us, its choosing one goal to set and think about at a time, editing an apps home screen so what ww want to focus on is there and what we dont isnt. Its also about making the customizations to the app and wearable screen mentioned above we want to remove obstacles. Finally, experiencing joy for us comes with less pressure and more games, fun badges and, importantly, ways to switch off when we need to which we'll come to soon.

9. Take it off (yes, really)

A lot of the best fitness trackers these days are designed for 24/7 wear you just need to take them off every couple of days or every week to charge them up for a few hours. Thats why it might seem like this advice is a bit weird especially for a tech site. But its important to go without your tracker now and again for a few important reasons.

The first reason is itll lessen the chances your skin will be irritated if you give it a break every so often. Most wearables are specially designed to not cause irritation whether thats the strap or the body of the watch or wearable that sits flush to your wrist but we've noticed we can experience some mild irritation and itching. Especially with waterproof wearables that we wear in the shower our thinking is that soap likely gets caught behind it.

The second reason is itll lessen the chances that you become too reliant on your wearable. Wait a minute. Didnt we just cover how to create habits with putting on your wearable? Absolutely. But theres a balance here. The majority of people dont have issues with becoming too hyper-focused on their wearables and the data they collect, but there are cases of people becoming obsessed with sleep data (researchers have called this orthosomnia), as well as others having eating disorders triggered or exacerbated by the calorie and activity data thats so easily accessible.

When we wrote about the possible link between disordered eating and fitness trackers and wearables, Dr Carolyn Plateau, a lecturer in psychology at Loughborough University, recommended making peace with taking it off now and again. Maybe you make this regular. Like every Sunday youll leave it off or you realize you dont need to wear it at night. It doesnt matter when you choose, its just about proving you could wear it all the time, but you dont need to.

10. Ask yourself: what's your why?

When we spoke to Dr Carolyn Plateau she told us people are less likely to have problematic relationships with devices when they're used to improve general wellbeing and to read a positive goal rather than one that feels more negative, i.e. losing weight. If you feel like you need to lose weight and have support and a healthy mindset, were not stopping you. But this is about doing whats right for you, choosing things that'll work in the long-run and not triggering bigger problems. So its worth considering your why from the get-go.

With all the focus here on goal-setting and habit-building, its also worth mentioning that fitness trackers can be used for awareness-building to begin with. What I mean is, maybe you dont know what your step or sleep goal should be because, where would you begin?

Our advice would be to use the tracker for a month to see where youre at now, whats possible and what you might want to achieve in the future. So much is said for constantly improving and upgrading, maybe you just want to watch, track or just for things to stay how they are and to aim for more balance instead. Theres no right or wrong way to use health and fitness tech.